添加Docker Compose配置文件

添加完整的Docker Compose编排配置，包含MySQL、Redis、后端服务和前端服务的容器化部署。
配置了数据库初始化脚本挂载、健康检查机制、环境变量配置以及服务间的依赖关系，
实现了完整的药品管理系统的容器化部署方案。

docker-compose.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+# ============================================================
+# 药品管理系统 — Docker Compose 编排
+# 启动: docker-compose up -d
+# ============================================================
+
+version: '3.8'
+
+services:
+  mysql:
+    image: mysql:8.0
+    container_name: medicine-mysql
+    restart: unless-stopped
+    environment:
+      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: ${DB_PASSWORD:-root}
+      MYSQL_DATABASE: ${DB_NAME:-medicine_manager}
+      TZ: Asia/Shanghai
+    ports:
+      - "3306:3306"
+    volumes:
+      - mysql_data:/var/lib/mysql
+      - ./backend/src/main/resources/database/init.sql:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/init.sql
+    healthcheck:
+      test: ["CMD", "mysqladmin", "ping", "-h", "localhost"]
+      interval: 10s
+      timeout: 5s
+      retries: 5
+
+  redis:
+    image: redis:7-alpine
+    container_name: medicine-redis
+    restart: unless-stopped
+    ports:
+      - "6379:6379"
+    volumes:
+      - redis_data:/data
+    healthcheck:
+      test: ["CMD", "redis-cli", "ping"]
+      interval: 10s
+      timeout: 5s
+      retries: 5
+
+  backend:
+    build:
+      context: ./backend
+      dockerfile: Dockerfile
+    container_name: medicine-backend
+    restart: unless-stopped
+    depends_on:
+      mysql:
+        condition: service_healthy
+    environment:
+      DB_HOST: mysql
+      DB_PORT: 3306
+      DB_NAME: ${DB_NAME:-medicine_manager}
+      DB_USERNAME: root
+      DB_PASSWORD: ${DB_PASSWORD:-root}
+      JWT_SECRET: ${JWT_SECRET}
+      SERVER_PORT: 8080
+      SPRING_DATA_REDIS_HOST: redis
+      SPRING_DATA_REDIS_PORT: 6379
+    ports:
+      - "8080:8080"
+
+  frontend:
+    build:
+      context: ./frontend
+      dockerfile: Dockerfile
+    container_name: medicine-frontend
+    restart: unless-stopped
+    depends_on:
+      - backend
+    ports:
+      - "80:80"
+
+volumes:
+  mysql_data:
+  redis_data: